In April 1965, the First Ministry of Machinery Industry officially issued the "Procedures on the Intermediate Test Plan for Synthetic Diamonds," approved by the State Science and Technology Commission. This plan required the establishment of a synthetic diamond intermediate test base at the Abrasives Grinding Research Institute (commonly known as Sanmao). The initiative marked a significant step in China's efforts to develop its own synthetic diamond technology.
The project involved several key research institutes under the First Ministry of Machinery Industry, including Zhengzhou Sanmao, Jinan Casting and Forging, and the Shanghai Materials Research Institute. Each institute was assigned specific responsibilities: Sanmao oversaw the synthesis process, raw material processing, and product sorting, while also conducting research on physical and chemical testing methods. Jinan Casting and Forging was tasked with designing and producing six-faced ultra-high pressure synthesis equipment. Hu Enliang from the General Machinery Research Institute had already designed two sets of such equipment—6×300 tons and 6×600 tons—as early as 1963. In June 1964, he handed over the blueprints to Jinan Casting and Forging, laying the technical foundation for their work. Meanwhile, the Shanghai Materials Research Institute focused on developing alloy anvils for the synthesis process.
On August 1965, under close collaboration between Sanmao and Jinan Casting and Forging, China produced its first six-sided hinged anvil ultra-high pressure and high-temperature diamond synthesis device. Researchers from Sanmao, including Wang Guangzu, Yu Zhengmin, Yu Zhichao, Li Jinbao, Shao Dehou, Yan Juwu, and Kong Lingchun, conducted initial synthetic diamond tests in Jinan. On November 5, 1965, the first diamond was successfully synthesized using the 6×6MN DS-023 device, marking a major breakthrough in China’s diamond synthesis capabilities. After six months of testing, the process became stable, and on June 7, 1966, the apparatus was moved from Jinan to Zhengzhou’s Third Mill, reaching the 10th location.
In July 1966, the intermediate test phase for synthetic diamond production was completed. By that year, the facility had produced 10,000 carats of diamonds. In October 1966, the Ministry of Machinery Industry approved the construction of China’s first synthetic diamond plant—the Sixth Grinding Wheel Factory—in Guiyang, Guizhou Province. Sanmao provided the complete design and technical information, as well as personnel training, marking the beginning of industrial-scale synthetic diamond production in China.
When Zhengzhou Sanmao established the National Engineering Technology Research Center for Superhard Materials and Products in 1996, this historic press was preserved as a cultural relic of China’s superhard materials industry at No. 121 Huashan Road. During the acceptance of the center, Mr. Fan Hongcai, then Chief Engineer of the Ministry of Machinery Industry, personally inscribed “China’s First Six-Sided Top Press†on the machine.
Commissioned in 1965, the press operated for 30 years until it was retired in 1995. Over its lifetime, it produced more than 1.5 million synthetic diamonds and was honored as a meritorious press.
See photo one.
[Image: China's first hinged six-sided diamond synthesis press]
When Zhengzhou Sanmao relocated to No. 121 Wutong Street in the Zhengzhou High-tech Industrial Development Zone in 2010, the press was moved along with it and is now displayed in the courtyard of the Zhengzhou Abrasives Grinding Research Institute.
See photo two.
[Image: China's first hinged six-sided diamond synthesis press]
Electric Hydraulic Pump
An electric Hydraulic Pump is a device that uses an electric motor to power a hydraulic system. It is commonly used in applications where a hydraulic system needs to generate high pressure or provide precise control over fluid flow.
The pump consists of an electric motor, a hydraulic pump, and a reservoir for hydraulic fluid. The electric motor drives the hydraulic pump, which pressurizes the hydraulic fluid. The pressurized fluid is then used to power hydraulic cylinders, motors, or other hydraulic components.
Electric hydraulic pumps are often used in industrial machinery, construction equipment, and automotive applications. They offer advantages such as high efficiency, quiet operation, and precise control over fluid flow. They can also be more compact and easier to install than traditional hydraulic systems that use a diesel or gasoline engine.
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