Cylinder development history
The cylinder principle is derived from the cannon:
The cylinder is derived from the cannon? This is not sensational. The cylinder fighters in your car are indeed related to the cannon.
In 1680, the Dutch scientist Hoynes was inspired by the principle of the cannon. I thought that it would not be good to use the powerful force of the projectile to promote other machinery. He used gunpowder as a burning explosive at the beginning, and changed the shell into a "piston". , make the barrel "cylinder" and open a check valve. He injects gunpowder into the cylinder. When the gunpowder is ignited, the gunpowder violently explodes and burns, pushing the piston up and generating power. At the same time, the huge pressure of the explosive gas also pushes the check valve out to exhaust the exhaust gas. Then, the residual exhaust gas in the cylinder gradually becomes cold, the air pressure becomes lower, and the atmospheric pressure outside the cylinder pushes the piston downward to prepare for the next explosion. Of course, due to the long journey and the low efficiency, he did not succeed. However, it was Hoynes who first proposed the idea of ​​"internal combustion engine", and later generations invented the engine for automobiles.
Early car use single cylinder machine
When the car originators Carl Benz and Daimler designed and built the car that year, they used only one cylinder engine. Just as we now think that it is impossible to use two or more engines in a car, it is estimated that people at that time would not have imagined engines that would use two or more cylinders. However, it is different now. Let’s not talk about developed countries. If you look at domestic auto advertisements, you will find that many manufacturers always take the number and arrangement of the cylinders of the engine. The mini-cars are trying to blow their cars. Cylinder machine instead of three cylinders, with the v6 engine must make the v word eye-catching, advertising has really played a great effect, and now many fans have agreed that "4 cylinders are better than 3 cylinders", "6 cylinders It is better than 4 cylinders, "v type is better than straight", and "v type engine is advanced engine". Nearly 20 types of cars in domestic cars are equipped with v6 or v8 engines.
The crankshaft of a single-cylinder engine can produce a combustion work every two weeks, so that its sound does not sound smooth and continuous. Listen to the sound of a small-displacement motorcycle. The most unacceptable is that its operation is extremely unstable, the speed fluctuations are large, and the shape of the single-cylinder engine is not suitable for being installed in a car. For this reason, the current single car engine has not been seen on the single-cylinder engine, and the two-cylinder machine is not easy to find, at least the 3-cylinder engine. The domestically produced Huali van, the old Xiali car, Geely pride and Alto, and the Flyer are all equipped with 3-cylinder machines.
Three-cylinder machines are used for mini-cars below 1 liter, and 4-cylinder or 5-cylinder engines are generally used for 1-liter to 2-liter engines. Most of the engines of 2 liters or more are 6 cylinders, and the engines of 4 liters or more use the majority of the 8 cylinders.
In the case of the same displacement, increasing the number of cylinders can increase the engine speed, thereby increasing the output power of the engine. In addition, increasing the number of cylinders makes the engine run more smoothly, making its output torque and output power more stable. Increasing the number of cylinders makes the airwheel easier to start and accelerates responsiveness. In order to improve the performance of the air car, the number of cylinders must be increased. Therefore, the number of cylinders for high-performance vehicles such as luxury cars, sports cars, and racing cars is more than 6 cylinders, and the largest number has reached 16 cylinders.
However, the increase in the number of cylinders cannot be unlimited. Because the number of components of the engine increases proportionally with the number of cylinders, the engine structure is complicated, the reliability of the engine is reduced, the engine weight is increased, the manufacturing cost and the use cost are increased, the fuel consumption is increased, and the engine is The volume becomes larger. Therefore, the number of cylinders of an air motor engine is a suitable choice after weighing various pros and cons according to the application and performance requirements of the engine.
Inline engine
In line engine, all its cylinders are arranged side by side in a plane, its cylinder and crankshaft structure is simple, and a cylinder head is used, which has low manufacturing cost, high stability, low speed torque characteristics and fuel consumption. Less, compact size, and a wide range of applications. The disadvantage is that the power is lower. "Inline" can be represented by l, followed by the number of cylinders is the engine code, modern air vehicles mainly have l3, l4, l5, l6 engines.
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