Polycrystalline diamond composite drills shake the needs of many multinational companies

**Abstract** As a leading comprehensive research university, Sichuan University has identified "Social Service Engineering" as a key initiative within the "Sichuan University (Science and Technology) Technology Leap-forward Action Plan." The university has also established a strategic framework for industry-university-research collaboration, aiming to "base itself in Sichuan, serve the western region, focus on layout, and radiate nationwide." This approach emphasizes the integration of academic research with practical applications, promoting regional and national development through technological innovation. In June 2012, Dai Bills, a company founded in 1888, sent a technical team to Chengdu. Their visit was driven by a desire to witness the progress of superhard composite materials led by He Duwei from the Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics at Sichuan University. This multinational corporation, originally based in Johannesburg, South Africa, holds nearly 40% of the global diamond mining and trade market. Despite the extremely high costs—$5,000 per day—and challenging conditions, the company invested heavily in this technology, recognizing its potential for future growth. According to He Duwei’s projections, this cutting-edge technology, still in its early stages in China but rapidly developing in Chengdu, is expected to form an industrial chain worth over 10 billion yuan within the next decade. **High-performance composite drill bits currently rely mainly on imports** He Duwei, who successfully attracted Dai Bills to invest in his research, is now 45 years old. He earned his master's degree from Sichuan University in 1995 and a doctorate from the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Physics in 1998. Over the years, he traveled internationally to conduct scientific research before returning to Sichuan in 2006 as a professor at the Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics. There, he continued his work on superhard composite materials, which he had been passionate about for many years. What exactly are these "superhard composite materials"? In simple terms, they are the key components used in the production of drill bits for underground oil exploration. Currently, China heavily relies on imported high-performance composite drill bits. Traditional cemented carbide drill bits may be cheaper, but their penetration capability is limited to just tens or hundreds of meters. In contrast, polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) composite drill bits, which He Duwei refers to as “industrial teeth,” can penetrate up to 3,000 meters deep. Each imported PDC drill bit costs around 2,000 yuan, and 40 to 50 of them are needed to create a complete drilling tool for deep underground operations. **Building a joint R&D center to drive the rapid development of local enterprises** According to He Duwei, there are approximately 30 oil and bit drill manufacturers in Chengdu and surrounding areas. The annual demand for PDC drill bits in China alone exceeds 1 billion units, while the global demand surpasses 20 billion. To meet these growing needs, the High Voltage Science and Technology Laboratory at Sichuan University’s Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics has invested nearly 20 million yuan over the past five years to establish a world-class R&D and performance testing platform for high-performance PDC composite drill bits used in oil and gas drilling. In 2010, He Duwei’s laboratory partnered with Chengdu Bituo Superhard Materials Co., Ltd. to set up a joint R&D center, providing advanced technical support. As a result, the company’s annual output has reached 10 million yuan. He estimates that this technology will significantly boost the development of local oil and gas drilling companies, enhance their competitive edge, and eventually create an industrial chain with an annual value exceeding 10 billion yuan in the next ten years. Currently, domestic listed companies and Fortune 500 firms have collaborated with He Duwei to conduct batch trials of PDC drill bits. These products have met or exceeded international standards in terms of wear resistance, impact resistance, and thermal stability. Field tests in regions such as Chongqing and Qinghai have shown promising results in deep oil and gas drilling. **Testing students to be hired at high salaries through multinational companies** In 2008, He Duwei’s research caught the attention of Schlumberger, one of the top 500 global companies with a century-long history. Interestingly, from 2004 to 2006, He had worked as a researcher at Schlumberger’s R&D department, focusing on the development of PDC composite drill bits. Later, he returned to China at the invitation of his alma mater, confident in the country’s ability to develop world-class superhard composite materials. Schlumberger’s interest in his work after returning to China proved the success of his research. Eventually, the PDC drill bits developed in his lab passed Schlumberger’s rigorous tests. One of his master’s students was even hired by the company with an annual salary of $95,000. Over the past five years, He has led more than 20 projects, securing nearly 20 million yuan in funding and obtaining 10 domestic and international patents. The annual output value of super-hard composite materials developed in collaboration with domestic and foreign enterprises has already surpassed 100 million yuan.

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