Rape fertilization pay attention to the whole process of boron supply
2019-02-21 12:05:55
Boron fertilizer has been promoted and applied in rapeseed production for many years. It has obvious effects on improving the growth and development of rapeseed and promoting the increase of yield and income of rapeseed. In particular, the effect of increasing soil yield and income is more significant, and the yield can be increased by 15%~20%. Although the application of boron fertilizer in rapeseed production has been for many years, farmers often have some mistakes in the application process: First, some farmers only apply boron fertilizer in the base fertilizer, ignoring the application of boron fertilizer; second, only pay attention to flowering fertilizer, use flowering period Spraying fertilizer instead of whole-course fertilizer; thirdly, it is considered that the application of boron fertilizer in seedling stage has no effect, and the spraying of fertilizer at the seedling stage basically stops; fourthly, although the application of boron fertilizer is insufficient, the quantity is insufficient; the fifth is not paying attention to the quality of boron fertilizer, only low content (effective content below 5%), low-cost boron fertilizer, reluctant to use high-grade, high-content, high-quality boron fertilizer. Therefore, in various periods of rapeseed growth, symptoms of boron deficiency often occur to varying degrees.
Rapeseed is very sensitive to boron deficiency, and there are symptoms of boron deficiency at various stages of growth. Bored at the seedling stage, the roots are small and thin, the root hairs are few or no root hairs, the root neck is swollen, the root bark becomes brown, the cortex is cracked, the purple strips appear at the base of the leaves, the leaves turn brown, and the serious growth points gradually die. . Bored in the bud stage, the leaves are shrunken, the veins and the surrounding yellowish, the middle leaves become dark green, the leaf is thickened, easy to be brittle, rolled, the leaf edge turns purple first, then the blue-violet, early fall off, the heading is slow, the plant is short . Bored at the flowering stage, the petals shrink, the flower buds shrink or even dry, the pods are not swollen or deformed, and the pods appear, which is commonly known as "flowers and not real."
The above problems are manifested in one or the other in different rapeseed producing areas. In order to apply rapeseed boron fertilizer correctly and better, when rapeseed is about to come, we should pay attention to several tasks at present.
Comprehensively improve the understanding of the need for boron in rapeseed. First, after the application of boron fertilizer in rapeseed, boron can bind to the polysaccharide component of the cell wall, improve the stability of the cell wall, promote the synthesis of ribonucleic acid and the germination of pollen tubes, and the rapid growth of meristems. Rapeseed "flowers are not real"; the second is to promote the conversion of carbohydrates in rapeseed, accelerate the synthesis of sucrose and the hydrolysis of starch; the third is to enhance the control of water on the cell wall, enhance the cold resistance and disease resistance of rapeseed; The quality of rapeseed can increase the content of oil by more than 6 percentage points.
Multi-method and flexible application of boron fertilizer can not only apply boron fertilizer in a certain period of time, but must apply boron throughout the whole process. First, the application of base fertilizer before sowing, the application of boron per mu is 0.2~0.5 kg or about 1 kg of borax; the second is to use seedling transplanting, 2~3 days before planting, spraying 0.1%~0.2% borax solution per mu of seedbed 50 In kilograms, or 0.2% borax at the time of planting; the third is to apply 0.2% of the voluble boron solution at 60 kg per acre during the wintering period; the fourth is to spray 0.2% of the voluble solution in the bud period. 60~70 kg per mu; the fifth is about 80 kg per mu of the speeding boron solution at the initial flowering stage.
Pay attention to the quality of boron fertilizer. Pay attention to the application method. Don't be tempted to use low-level boron fertilizer. It is recommended to use high-content boron or selebrex. When applied as a base fertilizer, it is best to mix it with bio-organic compound fertilizer or farmyard manure or mix it with inorganic compound fertilizer. When topdressing, one must be fully dissolved, the second is to control the dosage, and the third is to not spray or leak.
(Yu Hongzhang, Senior Agronomist, Agricultural Bureau of Xiaogan City, Hubei Province)
Rapeseed is very sensitive to boron deficiency, and there are symptoms of boron deficiency at various stages of growth. Bored at the seedling stage, the roots are small and thin, the root hairs are few or no root hairs, the root neck is swollen, the root bark becomes brown, the cortex is cracked, the purple strips appear at the base of the leaves, the leaves turn brown, and the serious growth points gradually die. . Bored in the bud stage, the leaves are shrunken, the veins and the surrounding yellowish, the middle leaves become dark green, the leaf is thickened, easy to be brittle, rolled, the leaf edge turns purple first, then the blue-violet, early fall off, the heading is slow, the plant is short . Bored at the flowering stage, the petals shrink, the flower buds shrink or even dry, the pods are not swollen or deformed, and the pods appear, which is commonly known as "flowers and not real."
The above problems are manifested in one or the other in different rapeseed producing areas. In order to apply rapeseed boron fertilizer correctly and better, when rapeseed is about to come, we should pay attention to several tasks at present.
Comprehensively improve the understanding of the need for boron in rapeseed. First, after the application of boron fertilizer in rapeseed, boron can bind to the polysaccharide component of the cell wall, improve the stability of the cell wall, promote the synthesis of ribonucleic acid and the germination of pollen tubes, and the rapid growth of meristems. Rapeseed "flowers are not real"; the second is to promote the conversion of carbohydrates in rapeseed, accelerate the synthesis of sucrose and the hydrolysis of starch; the third is to enhance the control of water on the cell wall, enhance the cold resistance and disease resistance of rapeseed; The quality of rapeseed can increase the content of oil by more than 6 percentage points.
Multi-method and flexible application of boron fertilizer can not only apply boron fertilizer in a certain period of time, but must apply boron throughout the whole process. First, the application of base fertilizer before sowing, the application of boron per mu is 0.2~0.5 kg or about 1 kg of borax; the second is to use seedling transplanting, 2~3 days before planting, spraying 0.1%~0.2% borax solution per mu of seedbed 50 In kilograms, or 0.2% borax at the time of planting; the third is to apply 0.2% of the voluble boron solution at 60 kg per acre during the wintering period; the fourth is to spray 0.2% of the voluble solution in the bud period. 60~70 kg per mu; the fifth is about 80 kg per mu of the speeding boron solution at the initial flowering stage.
Pay attention to the quality of boron fertilizer. Pay attention to the application method. Don't be tempted to use low-level boron fertilizer. It is recommended to use high-content boron or selebrex. When applied as a base fertilizer, it is best to mix it with bio-organic compound fertilizer or farmyard manure or mix it with inorganic compound fertilizer. When topdressing, one must be fully dissolved, the second is to control the dosage, and the third is to not spray or leak.
(Yu Hongzhang, Senior Agronomist, Agricultural Bureau of Xiaogan City, Hubei Province)
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