Performance and application range of several new roofing waterproof materials
The base layer typically consists of in-situ or precast concrete slabs combined with cement mortar screed. A separate layer of on-site foamed polyurethane is often used, serving as both a waterproofing and insulation layer, or sometimes as just one of the waterproofing components.
1. Rigid Foamed Polyurethane
Rigid foamed polyurethane is widely used in roofing applications for its dual role as a waterproof and insulating material. It is known for its high performance and durability in various construction scenarios.
1.1 Performance Characteristics
Among all insulation materials, rigid foamed polyurethane offers the lowest thermal conductivity at 0.033 W/(m·K). Its internal structure has a cell sealing rate of over 92%, forming a smooth, closed-cell surface that provides excellent water resistance. With a compressive strength exceeding 150 MPa at a density of 40 kg/m³, it also exhibits good elasticity and elongation up to 10%. It adheres well to surfaces such as metal, concrete, masonry, wood, and glass.
1.2 Application Methods
This material can be applied using either on-site spray foaming or prefabricated composite panels. Spray application involves two components reacting instantly upon mixing, making it ideal for large-scale projects. In cases where on-site foaming is not feasible, prefabricated panels can be installed, with gaps filled using a foaming gun for effective coverage.
1.3 Application Scope
Rigid foamed polyurethane is suitable for various roofing systems. It is commonly used with concrete slabs and cement screeds. It functions as both a waterproof and insulation layer or is combined with other waterproof materials like membranes or coatings. For sloped roofs, it is applied directly on the base and then tiles are attached. However, due to its poor UV resistance, a protective layer is required above it. In flat roofs, it is often placed beneath the waterproof layer. Proper design, especially with cast-in-place concrete structures, helps ensure long-term insulation performance.
2. Biaxially Stretched PVC Sheets
Biaxial stretching enhances the properties of PVC sheets by aligning their molecular chains, significantly improving strength and durability. This process also ensures an even UV protection layer, making the material highly resistant to environmental factors.
2.1 Key Features
These sheets have exceptional impact resistance (up to 1200 kJ/m²), withstand ice and heavy impacts, and perform well in low temperatures (-30°C). They maintain high light transmission (90%) over time and show strong resistance to corrosion, UV radiation, and fire. Their durability makes them ideal for long-term use in diverse environments.
2.2 Dimensions
Available in thicknesses from 0.6 to 2 mm and widths around 1.1 meters, the length can be customized according to project needs, typically not exceeding 22 meters.
2.3 Usage Areas
These sheets are used in public buildings, industrial facilities, greenhouses, and shelters. They also serve interior applications such as soundproof walls, safety enclosures, and partitions. Their versatility allows for both functional and decorative uses.
3. Co-extruded Sandwich PVC Panels
These panels are gaining popularity in China for their lightweight, durability, and aesthetic appeal. They resemble small asbestos tiles or European-style roof tiles and come in various colors and sizes, offering flexibility in design and installation.
3.1 Properties
They are lightweight, impact-resistant, and easy to process. They provide weather resistance, UV protection, and insulation, making them ideal for both exterior and interior applications. Their ease of installation reduces labor costs and construction time.
3.2 Applications
Suitable for sloped roofs of residential and commercial buildings, these panels are also used for interior and exterior decoration. Their thickness ranges from 2 to 20 mm, with widths between 880 and 1040 mm, allowing for customization based on specific requirements.
4. Color-Profiled Steel Sheets
These steel sheets are pre-coated and pressed into shape, offering excellent aesthetics, durability, and corrosion resistance. They are ideal for both roofing and wall cladding, particularly in large industrial and commercial structures.
4.1 Performance
Lightweight and long-lasting (15–30 years), they enhance construction efficiency and offer a wide range of color options. Their structural design ensures high strength and stiffness, while their heat and cold resistance make them suitable for extreme climates.
4.2 Use Cases
Ideal for large-span structures like factories, warehouses, and mobile homes, these sheets can be combined with insulation materials for added performance. They are typically installed using screws and can be part of complex roof systems.
5. Polycarbonate Sheets
Known for their transparency, impact resistance, and durability, polycarbonate sheets are increasingly used in architectural designs for both aesthetics and functionality. They are suitable for roofs, walls, and curtain walls in public and commercial buildings.
5.1 Characteristics
Available in thicknesses from 1 to 8 mm, they are lightweight, flexible, and can be bent without breaking. They resist UV rays, infrared, and temperature extremes, making them ideal for long-term outdoor use. Their sound insulation and flame-retardant properties add to their value.
5.2 Applications
Used in building interiors and exteriors, including greenhouses, phone booths, billboards, and display areas, these sheets offer a versatile solution for modern architecture.
6. Insulated Waterproof Roof Panels
These prefabricated panels combine waterproofing, insulation, and structural support. They are designed for efficient construction and can be coated with paint for enhanced aesthetics. Commonly used in grid and large-span structures, they support multi-functional and complex roof designs.
7. U-Shape Glass Panels
U-shaped glass panels are a modern architectural material known for their excellent light transmission, insulation, and mechanical strength. They are easy to install and offer a unique visual appeal, making them popular in both residential and commercial buildings.
7.1 Features
Available in different types, including reinforced and patterned versions, these panels come in various colors and sizes. They are made from recycled materials and offer environmental benefits along with structural efficiency.
7.2 Uses
Primarily used for roofs, walls, and partitions, they can be installed vertically, horizontally, or diagonally. Their versatility makes them suitable for a wide range of architectural applications, from simple to complex designs.
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