Autumn delayed tomato high-yield cultivation techniques

**Rational Irrigation and Fertilization** To reduce summer temperatures and prevent diseases, it is recommended to water the crops in the early morning and late evening. After moistening the soil, drain the surface to avoid excessive humidity and root rot. The field should remain consistently moist. Combine topdressing with irrigation. Ten days after planting, apply a 3% compound fertilizer solution while performing weeding and cultivation. When the first ear of fruit reaches the size of a walnut, apply 10 kg of urea per mu. When the third ear becomes stable, another 10 kg of urea per mu should be applied. **Strengthening Pruning** In autumn, tomatoes grow rapidly, so timely pruning is essential. Use the single-stalk pruning method, leaving only the main stem and removing all side branches and basal buds. Install a herringbone frame to prevent lodging. By late September, remove the growing tip and leave three fruit clusters, keeping 3 to 4 fruits per ear. Remove excess fruits to improve the quality of the tomatoes. **Proper Use of Hormones at the Right Time** To prevent high-temperature flowering drop and delay flowering in autumn, use a 15–20 mg/kg concentration of 2,4-D to dip the flowers. Each flower should be dipped only once. Alternatively, when the fruit turns white, apply ethephon at a concentration of 2000 mg/kg to the fruit stems to promote ripening. In the later growth stages, if the temperature is too low and the fruits do not turn red naturally, spray green fruits with a 2000 mg/kg ethephon solution to enhance red coloration. Tomatoes can be harvested from late December to early January. **Pest and Disease Prevention** Late autumn tomatoes are commonly affected by downy mildew, brown spot, aphids, and tobacco budworms. For disease prevention, alternate between Daisen zinc (800 times dilution) or antivirus矾 (600 times dilution), applying every 7 days, up to 3 times. Aphids can be controlled using tobacco water diluted 40–50 times or Abamectin at 3000 times dilution. Tobacco budworms can be managed with a 20% chlorpyrifos solution at 2000 times dilution. **Timely Shed for Frost Protection** The timing of shed installation depends on weather conditions. To ensure more than 50% of fresh tomatoes for the morning market, start covering the shed when temperatures drop below 20°C. After covering, monitor the internal temperature. When it reaches 26°C, ventilate promptly, gradually reducing the ventilation time as temperatures decrease. Once the temperature drops to 5°C, stop ventilating completely. **Source: Farmers Daily** **Author: Guo Deji** This article provides practical guidance for tomato growers during the autumn season, ensuring optimal growth, pest control, and timely harvest. Whether you're a seasoned farmer or a beginner, these techniques can help you maximize yield and quality. Make sure to adapt these methods according to your local climate and crop conditions for best results.

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