The State Administration of Work Safety will carry out special treatment on dust hazards for ceramic refractory enterprises
It is understood that ceramics production and refractory manufacturing enterprises have serious dust hazards, and even some cases of group pneumoconiosis have occurred in some areas. In 2015, the State Administration of Work Safety organized investigations and tests on 27 ceramic manufacturing enterprises and 23 refractory manufacturing enterprises in some regions. From the test results, most workplace dust is a serious dust, and the concentration exceeds the national standard limit, the highest exceeds 140 times, which poses serious harm to the occupational health of workers.
In this regard, the State Administration of Work Safety will carry out special treatment on dust hazards in ceramic production and refractory manufacturing enterprises. The scope of governance includes various ceramic and ceramic Raw Material production enterprises such as construction and sanitation, refractory materials manufacturing and refractory raw material production enterprises.
The plan is clear, it is necessary to focus on the main task of “pot dust concentration control complianceâ€, to supervise law enforcement and typical demonstration as a starting point, to promote enterprises to improve production processes, improve dust-proof facilities and strengthen occupational health management, effectively curb the occurrence of pneumoconiosis . On the basis of full implementation of engineering governance, the “four 100%†requirements are met, that is, the personal protective equipment allocation rate of laborers with key dust hazards is 100%; the training rate of corporate leaders, occupational health management personnel, and dust workers is 100. %; the periodic detection rate of dust hazard is 100%; the occupational health check rate of workers exposed to dust is 100%.
The program requires that all levels of safety supervision departments should take care of all aspects, combine governance work with infrastructure construction and supervision and law enforcement work, and conduct supervision and inspection of each enterprise governance during the special governance period. The special governance work should focus on key positions, strengthen key aspects such as dust prevention facilities, inspection and monitoring, personal protection, and health monitoring, and urge enterprises to implement governance measures to improve the working environment and working conditions. The higher-level safety supervision department shall strengthen the supervision and spot check on the special-level governance work of the lower-level safety supervision departments, and notify the criticism of the areas where the governance work is weak, and publicly expose the enterprises that have gone through the governance work. (Legal Evening News)
Dye is an organic substance that enables the coloring of fibers and other materials. Dye a wide range, according to the source can be divided into natural dyes (such as plant dyes, animal dyes and mineral dyes, etc.) and synthetic dyes (or artificial dyes). According to the molecular structure can be divided into azo dyes, anthraquinone dyes, phthalocyanine dyes, aromatic methane dyes, nitro dyes and so on. According to the application method is divided into acid dyes, alkaline dyes, sulfur dyes, reactive dyes, disperse dyes, direct dyes and so on. Dye has a color, but the color of the material is not necessarily a dye. Dyes must have chromophores and help chromophores. The dye in the ink should also have a water-soluble group such as a sulfonic acid group.
Natural dyes are dyes obtained from animals, plants and minerals. According to the source can be divided into: â‘ plant dyes, from some plants roots, stems, leaves and fruits extracted from the dye, such as extracted from indigo indigo (blue), extracted from turmeric curcumin (yellow (Dinar), etc.); (d) dyes, extracts from the animal's body, such as carmine extracted from the cochineal, etc .; (d) mineral dyes, dyes extracted from the colored non-ferrous minerals of minerals , Such as chrome yellow, ultramarine, manganese brown and so on. Because of the natural dyes and artificial dyes compared to the existence of many shortcomings, such as incomplete chromatography, application inconvenience, poor fastness, in addition to a few still use, the majority was eliminated.
Synthetic dyes, also known as "artificial dyes". Mainly by the coal tar (or oil processing) fractionation products (such as benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, carbazole, etc.) by chemical processing, sometimes called coal tar dyes. As the first few kinds of synthetic dyes made of aniline as raw materials, it is also known as "aniline dye." Compared with natural dyes, synthetic dyes and more types, chromatography complete, most colorful, washable and durable, and can be mass production. So the current so-called dye almost all refers to synthetic dyes. The dyeing products are one of the common forensic materials.
Pigment is a colored, black, white or fluorescent particulate organic or inorganic solid. In water, oil or other application medium does not dissolve, but can be evenly dispersed, and in the entire dispersion process from the physical and chemical effects of the media, still retain its unique crystal or particle structure. According to the chemical composition of inorganic pigments and organic pigments; according to the color is divided into white, red, yellow, black and other pigments; according to the source is divided into natural and synthetic pigments, natural pigments are mineral (inorganic) such as He Shi, cinnabar, , Realgar, etc., there are animal and plant (organic) such as rattan, cochineal red, synthetic pigments are also inorganic and organic two categories; according to the use of coloring pigments, physical pigments and functional pigments. Coloring pigments are inorganic and organic pigments that impart various colors to the application medium. The pigment is a pigment that does not have a hue force and no hiding power. It is mainly used to reduce product cost and improve the performance of paint, plastic, rubber and other products. Called the filler. Now has been processed into ultra-fine grain of natural products and synthetic products, due to the synthesis of impurities in the small, fine particles and according to the need for artificial synthesis and a variety of surface modification, it can be used to reduce the hiding power of the pigment (Such as titanium dioxide) and improve product performance, and now it is called physical (incremental) pigments more appropriate, most of the main varieties of natural pigments are processed natural minerals such as natural calcium carbonate, barite powder, talc Such as precipitated calcium carbonate, precipitated barium sulfate, synthetic silica, etc .; functional pigments are pigments that give products specific functions, And change the color of the temperature paint, with poisonous biological function of the antifouling pigments, in the dark glowing luminous pigments, to prevent corrosion of rust-proof paint, pearl luster pearlescent pigments and so on.
Paint in paint, printing, rubber, plastics, paper, fiber, ceramics and other industries widely used, the product can be decorative, opaque, durable or special features.
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