How to determine the amount of fertilization of the grapes

The amount of fertilization of the grapes should be determined according to the amount of nutrients absorbed by the grapes, the amount of natural supply, and the amount of human application. Natural supply, nitrogen generally accounts for about l/3 of the absorption, and phosphorus and potassium each account for l/2. The utilization rate of fertilizer for grape plants is 50% for nitrogen, 30% for phosphorus, and 40% for potassium. Taking 2,000 square meters of 2,000 square meters of berry as an example, the nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P205) and potassium (K20) absorbed by grape plants are 12 kg, 6 kg and 14.4 kg, respectively; the natural supply should be 4 kg respectively. 3 kg, 7.2 kg; artificial supply should be 8 kg of nitrogen, 3 kg of phosphorus, 7.2 kg of potassium; considering the fertilizer utilization rate of grapes, the actual amount of fertilizer should be 16 kg of nitrogen, 10 kg of phosphorus, and 18 kg of potassium. According to analysis of some foreign materials, for every 100 kilograms of grape production, it is necessary to absorb 0.3-0.55 kilograms of nitrogen, 0.13-0.28 kilograms of phosphorus, and 0.28-0.64 kilograms of potassium from the soil. In production, the nutritional status of the plant can be judged according to the growth status of the grape, and then the fertilization can be guided. For example, the new shoots are full, the internodes are short, and the base and the apex are more consistent; after the new shoots are picked, the secondary shoots are more prosperous; the bases, middle and upper leaves of the new shoots are large and consistent, thick and dark green; fruit ripening At the same time, the new shoots become brownish brown; the fruit is well colored and the sugar content is high; the germination is neat in the coming year, indicating the appropriate amount of fertilization. If the new shoots are thinner and grow slowly, the new shoots in the autumn deciduous period are still green, can not be lignified, the core is large, the tissue is not full; the leaves are small and thin, the color is yellow-green; the fruit is poorly colored, the sugar content is low; Late and not neat, after wintering, the branches are susceptible to freezing damage, which is a manifestation of lack of fat. The leaves are long and too dense, the trees are too prosperous, the new shoots are long and the growth stops too late; after flowering, there are few fruit and the yield is not high, which is the reaction of improper fertilization or excessive fertilization. According to the above judgment, the fertilization technique and the amount of fertilizer can be adjusted. Generally, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium applied to the grapes is preferably 1:0.5:1.5, or 1:1:1.5. The stable yield of vineyards in northern China, generally 667 square meters of fertilization, nitrogen (N) is 12.5-15 kg, phosphorus (P20b) 10-12.5 kg, potassium (K20) 10-15 kg, available for production reference .
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